In 2018, natural heat exposure was associated with 726 deaths among males and 282 deaths among females.
Among males, the highest number of heat-related deaths was for those aged 55–64 years (150) and among females for those aged 65–74 years (58).
The lowest numbers were for males (four) and females (two) aged 5–14 years. Approximately 72% of heat-related deaths were among males.
Source: National Vital Statistics System. Multiple cause of death data, 1999–2018. https://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd.html.
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Questions for Ashley Woodall, Health Statistician and Lead Author of “Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mortality Rate of Infants Born to Teen Mothers: United States, 2017–2018.”
Q: Why did you decide to focus on teenagers for this report?
AW: There has not been much research on infant mortality using national data that focuses on specific maternal age groups. Teenagers are an age group of particular interest because infants born to teenagers have higher infant mortality rates compared with infants born to women in older age groups. Consequently, we wanted to explore the recent patterns in infant mortality for teenagers in the United States.
Q: Can you summarize some of the findings?
AW: In 2017–2018, infants born to teenagers aged 15–19 had the highest rate of mortality (8.77 deaths per 1,000 live births) compared with infants born to women aged 20 and over. Among teenagers, infants of non-Hispanic black females had the highest infant mortality rate (12.54) compared with non-Hispanic white (8.43) and Hispanic (6.47) females. Among the five leading causes of infant death, the largest racial and ethnic difference in mortality rates was found for preterm- and low-birthweight-related causes, where rates were two to three times higher for infants of non-Hispanic black teenagers (284.31 per 100,000 live births) than infants of non-Hispanic white (119.18) and Hispanic (94.44) teenagers.
Q: Was there a specific finding in the data that surprised you from this report?
AW: We were surprised by the large racial and ethnic disparity in deaths for preterm- and low-birthweight-related causes. This finding suggests that preterm birth and low birthweight are significant contributing factors for death among infants born to non-Hispanic black teenagers.
Q: Can you explain the difference between total infant, neonatal, and postneonatal mortality rates?
AW: Infant mortality is the death of a baby before his or her first birthday. It is calculated by dividing the number of infant deaths during a calendar year by the number of live births reported in the same year. It is expressed as the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Neonatal mortality rate is the death of a baby during the first 27 days after birth, per 1,000 live births. Postneonatal mortality rate is the death of a baby between 28 days to under 1 year after birth, per 1,000 live births.
Q: What is the take home message for this report?
AW: The different mortality patterns seen among infants born to teenage mothers illustrate the racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality and suggest that preterm birth and low birthweight are major public health concerns for infants born to non-Hispanic black teenagers.
Leave a Comment » | infant mortality, mortality, National Vital Statistics System, race/ethnicity, Reproductive Health, Teen Births, teenagers, Vital Statistics System | Permalink
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The percentage of adults aged 50–75 years who received colorectal cancer tests or procedures increased from 58.7% in 2010 to 65.5% in 2018.
The percentage increased from 2010 to 2018 in all income groups: from 37.9% to 53.1% among poor, 47.9% to 56.7% among near poor, and 63.6% to 68.7% among not poor adults.
In both 2010 and 2018, the percentage of adults who received colorectal cancer screening was lowest among poor and highest among not poor adults.
Source: National Health Interview Survey, 2010 and 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.
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New NCHS report describes select measures of health among former cigarette smokers aged 65 and over.
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During 2016–2018, women aged 18 years or older were more likely to volunteer or work in a hospital, medical clinic, doctor’s office, dentist’s office, nursing home, or some other health care facility (health care settings) than were men (12.3% compared with 5.2%).
Non-Hispanic black (15.8%), Asian (12.8%), and white women (12.3%) were more likely to volunteer or work in health care settings than were Hispanic women (9.6%).
Non-Hispanic Asian men (7.6%) were more likely to volunteer or work in health care settings than were black (6.0%), white (5.3%), and Hispanic men (3.8%).
Source: National Health Interview Survey, 2016–2018 data. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6928a7.htm
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Questions for Danielle Ely, Health Statistician and Lead Author of “Infant Mortality in the United States, 2018: Data From the Period Linked Birth/Infant Death File.”
Q: Why does NCHS conduct studies on infant mortality?
DE: NCHS collects data from U.S. jurisdictions on infant deaths to provide national statistics on infant mortality. Infant mortality is considered a key public health indicator for a country.
Q: Can you explain what the Linked Birth/Infant Death File is?
DE: The linked file consists of infant death information linked with the birth certificate information for infants under 1 year of age. Individual birth and death records are selected from their respective files and linked into a single statistical record, thereby establishing a national linked record file. The linked birth/infant death data set is the preferred source for examining infant mortality by race and Hispanic origin. Infant mortality rates by race and Hispanic origin are more accurately measured from the birth certificate compared with the death certificate.
Q: Can you summarize how the infant mortality data varied?
DE: The U.S. infant mortality rate was 5.67 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, lower than the rate of 5.79 in 2017 and an historic low. The mortality rate declined in 2018 for infants of Hispanic women compared with the 2017 rate; changes in rates for other race and Hispanic-origin groups were not statistically significant. The 2018 infant mortality rate for infants of non-Hispanic black women (10.75) was more than twice as high as that for infants of non-Hispanic white (4.63), non-Hispanic Asian (3.63), and Hispanic women (4.86). Infants born very preterm (less than 28 weeks of gestation) had the highest mortality rate (382.20), 186 times as high as that for infants born at term (37–41 weeks of gestation) (2.05). Infant mortality rates by state for 2018 ranged from a low of 3.50 in New Hampshire to a high of 8.41 in Mississippi.
Q: What is the take home message for this report?
DE: Although the infant mortality rate continues to slowly decline, some groups have consistently higher rates than others (for example, by maternal race and Hispanic origin, infants of non-Hispanic black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander women have higher rates than infants of non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic women). This information can further our understanding of current infant mortality trends and provide information on where improvements can be made.
Q: Any predictions for 2019 infant mortality data?
DE: We do not predict what will happen for the infant mortality rate in future years. Provisional estimates for each quarter can be found in the Vital Statistics Rapid Release Quarterly Provisional Estimates at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/infant-mortality-dashboard.htm. These data show a slight increase in the 2019 quarter 2 estimates to 5.69 infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Note that this estimate may be revised when the 2018 quarter 3 estimate becomes available.
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Questions for Robin Cohen, Health Statistician and Lead Author of “Selected Financial Burdens of Health Care Among Families With Older Adults, by Family Composition: United States, 2017–2018.”
Q: Why did you decide to do a report on financial burdens to health care among U.S. families with older adults?
RC: Living arrangements are associated with financial status. Sharing financial resources may offer financial stability to the family. Financial stability has been associated with one’s ability to pay for medical expenses. However, little is known how financial burdens for medical care differ among older adult families in the United States.
Q: Can you summarize some of the data in the report?
RC: About 8.6% of families with older adults experienced problems paying medical bills and 8.9% had forgone medical care. Older-adult families with at least one child were most likely to experience problems paying medical bills and to have forgone medical care. Older-adult families with only two older adults were the least likely to have experienced problems paying medical bills and to have forgone medical care.
Q: Was there a specific finding in the data that surprised you from this report?
RC: After adjusting for selected family characteristics in multivariate analyses, the odds of experiencing problems paying medical bills and forgone medical care weakened for all family compositions but remained significantly lower for families with only two older adults.
Q: Is there any trend data that goes back further than 2017?
RC: This is the first time that we have looked at older adult families with the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). However, NHIS data is available to examine this issue back to 2011.
Q: What is the take home message for this report?
RC: The findings from this report support the premise that older-adult families with different family compositions experience different levels of financial barriers to medical care.
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In 2018, the percentage of adults aged ≥65 years who received care at home from a nurse or other health care professional during the past 12 months increased with age from 4.5% for adults aged 65–69 years, to 8.2% for those aged 70–74 years and 13.2% for those aged ≥75 years.
Source: National Health Interview Survey, 2018 data. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.
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New NCHS report presents changes in state-specific birth rates for teenagers between 2017 and 2018 by race and Hispanic origin of mother.
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